Average Speed Of An Airplane – Transportation technology has advanced tenfold over the past few decades, but why aren’t planes flying faster? It turns out you have several good reasons
Expect your commercial aircraft to fly supersonic – turbulence, energy costs, and airfare are all affected by the speed of the aircraft. Let’s take a deep dive into why your commercial flight stays on track.
Average Speed Of An Airplane
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When talking about aerodynamics, there are many factors that affect the speed of an aircraft. In short, these are the three important components of airspeed.
The speed of an airplane, known as airspeed, is usually measured in four different ways. Regardless of which type you have, all airspeeds are expressed in knots.
Like cars, airplanes have speed limits in certain areas. While today’s commercial jets won’t take you across the Atlantic in less than a few hours, most major airlines have decent speeds.
As with any other type of vehicle, your speed largely determines what you can do. For aircraft, a certain speed is absolutely necessary for a safe transition from the ground to the air.
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On takeoff, commercial aircraft average speeds between 160 and 180 mph (140 and 156 knots).
For most commercial airliners, the aircraft’s cruising speed varies between 550 and 600 mph (478 and 521 knots).
During landing, speed is greatly affected by the current weight of the aircraft, with commercial aircraft typically landing at 130 to 160 mph (112 to 156 knots).
Private jets can fly between 400 and 700 mph (348 and 608 knots), similar to commercial jets. Due to their smaller size, they generally cannot fly as far as their larger counterparts due to fuel storage limitations. But a handful of ultra-long-range jets can fly more than 8,000 miles, or 6,952 nautical miles.
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Military aviation is as diverse as any other industry. Military aircraft are designed with specific objectives in mind, such as surveillance, attack or cargo transportation. The top speed of each military aircraft is not listed here, but a few examples from different categories:
Single-engine aircraft, such as the Cessna 172, fly much slower than commercial aircraft. For a typical single-engine aircraft, you’ll be able to fly at about 140 mph (122 knots). However, some more advanced single-engine aircraft, such as the Pilatus PC-12 NGX, can reach a top speed of 334 mph (290 knots).
Commercial aircraft, while heavy and large, are capable of high speeds over long distances. While no two planes are exactly alike, physical constraints put most airliners on the same playing field.
Outside of commercial aviation, the diversity of aircraft facilitates a range of top speeds—from the relatively slow Cessna 172 to the supersonic F-22. No matter what plane you’re flying, be sure to land with FLYING Magazine. Airplanes never seem to go fast enough. Looking up at the sky, passing planes appear to be crawling through the clouds. Takeoff feels like it’s happening on the roll.
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But in reality, planes have very powerful engines capable of reaching impressive speeds and sustaining them for hours – and they do. The average cruising speed of an airliner is about 575 mph.
However, this is a patch on the highest speed an aircraft has ever achieved, the record held by the Lockheed Blackbird reaching 2,193 km/h in 1976. The US Air Force spy plane is so fast that its missile evasion technology is literally speeding out.
The speed of an airplane traveling at high altitudes is measured differently than, for example, a car. While figures in miles per hour can be generated, it is more common to use knots, airspeed and its Mach number, which is speed relative to the speed of sound. For example, Mach 1 is equal to the speed of sound at 767 mph.
In addition to military aircraft, there are two types of aircraft: commercial airliners, such as the Boeing 747, and private airliners, or private jets. Below, we reveal the fastest five of the previous group. The Concorde is no longer in operation, but its cruising speed of Mach 2.02 is enough to easily beat them.
How Fast Do Commercial Planes Fly?
It’s worth noting that long-haul planes fly faster than short-haul planes, which place more emphasis on quick and efficient climbs and descents.
In fifth place is the wide twin-engine Boeing 777, used by British Airways and Emirates on long-haul flights, with a typical cruise speed of Mach 0.84.
In third place was another Boeing, the latest 787 Dreamliner, a long-haul twin-engine airliner with a cruising speed of Mach 0.85, and Airbus, Boeing’s rival, the A380, the largest airliner in the sky, have the same typical cruising speed.
In the second row is the Boeing 747-400, popular with British Airways and the best-selling model in the 747 family. It’s another wide-body four-engine airliner with a typical cruise speed of 0.855, a bit faster than its competitors.
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The fastest plane a mortal can possibly fly is the Boeing 747-8i, also known as the 747-8 Intercontinental, the largest plane in the 747 family. It has a cruising speed of 0.86, but is currently used by only three operators: Lufthansa, Korean Air and Air China.
If we consider private jets, the planes used by football players and movie stars, the brands involved are different than Boeing and Airbus. The aircraft that earns this designation is the Cessna Citation X+, which was launched as the X in 1996 to overhaul the company’s reputation for slowness, before being updated as the X+ in 2010. It has a top cruise speed of Mach 0.935.
As you can see, the above speeds vary very little and adjust for load, fuel efficiency and conditions. It’s not as simple as “let’s get from A to B as fast as possible”.
Pilot and author Patrick Smith wrote in his book “Cockpit Confidential”: “The optimal speed is different for every flight. If the plane is on time…we fly at the most fuel-efficient Mach. If we Being late, we might go a little faster as long as fuel is not an issue.”
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He explains how a little speed on a long 13-hour flight, such as between New York and Tokyo, can save you a few minutes.
Of course, wind conditions can cause planes to fly much faster than average cruising speeds, and the turbulent currents mean that transatlantic routes are much shorter eastbound. In 2015, a Boeing 777 flown by British Airways reported speeds of up to 745 mph, or Mach 0.97, thanks to increasing jets, approaching the speed of sound. That means the New York-London flight takes just 5 hours and 16 minutes and arrives 90 minutes early.
Smith also said airlines and aircraft manufacturers won’t keep chasing higher speeds because the sound barrier, fuel consumption and operating costs all increase as they approach Mach 1.
“If anything, airlines in the 21st century fly a little slower than airlines did 30 years ago,” he said.
How Fast Can A Commercial Aircraft Fly?
We urge you to turn off your ad blocker for this site so that you can continue to access our premium content in the future. A typical commercial airliner flies at about 400-500 knots and cruises at about 460-575 mph at an altitude of about 36,000 feet. That’s about Mach 0.75-0.85, or in other words, about 75-85% of the speed of sound. In general, you can say that the higher a plane goes, the faster it can go.
This kind of high speed can only be achieved at high altitude, which is one of the reasons commercial aircraft fly so high.
Velocity can be a bit confusing when talking about objects moving through the air. You have several speeds; airspeed (there are many variations in airspeed) and groundspeed.
Velocity is the time it takes you to move a certain distance above the ground. For example, when aircraft are at cruising altitude, they can have a ground speed between 300 and 600 knots per hour.
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While jetliners typically cruise at roughly the same airspeed, wind can have a big effect on how fast a plane flies over the ground.
A tailwind pushes the plane forward at a faster speed, while a headwind slows the plane down on the ground.
When there is a strong tailwind, such as when crossing the Atlantic from west to east, the plane’s ground speed can reach more than 700 miles per hour.
There are several different variations of airspeed. If an airplane is stationary on the runway and there is a headwind of 20mph, the airplane has an airspeed of 20mph even though it is not actually moving. This is because airspeed is a measure of the speed of the air above the wing. The speed of the air moving over the wing determines how much lift the wing generates, and it is this lift that allows the aircraft to support its own weight and allow it to
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